Introduction
A solar home system (SHS) is a renewable energy option that is designed to produce electricity in a small-scale setting, usually for household use. It is a standalone unit that typically consists of a solar panel, battery, charge controller, and electronic inverter.
How does it work?
When sunlight falls on a solar panel, the panel converts the sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. The electricity is then stored in a battery for later use or is converted into alternating current (AC) that can be used by standard household appliances such as televisions, fans, and refrigerators.
The charge controller regulates the flow of electricity from the solar panel to the battery to prevent overcharging and over-discharging of the battery. The electronic inverter, on the other hand, is responsible for converting DC electricity into AC electricity.
Components of a Solar Home System
Solar Panel
The solar panel is the most critical component of a solar home system. It is responsible for capturing sunlight and converting it into electricity. The size and number of panels depend on the amount of energy required by the household.
Battery
The battery is vital as it stores the electricity generated by the solar panel. A good quality battery can provide energy for up to 12 hours. It is important to note that batteries need to be replaced every few years.
Charge Controller
The charge controller regulates the flow of electricity between the solar panel and the battery. It ensures that the battery is charged to the optimal level and avoids overcharging and over-discharging.
Electronic Inverter
The electronic inverter is responsible for converting DC electricity from the battery into AC electricity that can be used in the household.
Advantages of Solar Home Systems
Reliability
Solar Home Systems provide reliable electricity supply all year round, even in remote areas where grid connectivity is not available. The reliability of solar supplies means that households do not have to rely on generators or fuel-based energy sources.
Cost-effectiveness
A solar home system provides a cost-effective source of electricity in the long term. The initial cost of installation may be high, but it provides a return on investment as the homeowner saves on electricity bills in the long term.
Environmentally friendly
The use of solar energy is environmentally friendly and sustainable. It is a renewable source of energy that does not produce harmful emissions. By using solar energy, households can reduce their carbon footprint.
Increased property value
A solar home system increases a property’s value since solar energy is a highly valued asset by potential buyers.
Conclusion
A solar home system is a small-scale standalone unit that is designed to provide renewable energy to households. It comprises a solar panel, battery, charge controller, and electronic inverter. Using solar energy is reliable, cost-effective, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and increases the property value. Using solar energy as a primary or backup source of energy is an excellent investment in the long term.