Renewable sources of energy are gaining more popularity than ever before. Wind energy is considered as one of the most commercially-utilized sources of clean energy that can replace fossil fuels. However, with wind power being intermittent, it can be difficult to stabilize the energy flow to meet the demand of the consumers. Energy storage comes in handy when it comes to managing wind power and provides a level of flexibility to the grid. In this article, we will discuss the history, types, and advancements of energy storage for wind power.
The Beginnings of Energy Storage
The idea of energy storage dates back to the 1800s. Sir William Robert Grove introduced the concept of fuel cells in 1839. The energy stored in a fuel cell can be used to generate electricity when needed. Later in 1859, Gaston Planté introduced the lead-acid battery, which was mass-produced afterwards. This battery is still one of the most popular types of energy storage in the market.
Types of Energy Storage
Batteries
Batteries are the most common energy storage mediums available in the market. The most popular types of batteries used in wind energy are lead-acid, lithium-ion, and sodium-ion batteries. These batteries can store energy for some time and supply electricity when needed. Lithium-ion batteries are favored over other types because of their excellent storage capabilities and rapid charging.
Flywheels
Flywheel energy storage has been around for centuries but became popular again in the late 20th century, owing to its ability to store energy in the form of rotational motion. The flywheel converts the kinetic energy of the rotor into electric energy when required.
Compressed Air Energy Storage
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) involves the compression of air into a storage vessel and releasing it to power turbines. This energy storage method has the potential to provide constant power output, but it has a long way to go when it comes to large-scale wind energy installations.
Advancements in Energy Storage
Hybrid Energy Storage Systems
Combining different energy storage systems into one unit is the primary area of research when it comes to energy storage. One example of a hybrid energy storage system is the Lithium-ion and Flow-lead battery system, which combines the quick charging of Lithium-ion batteries and efficient long-term energy storage of Flow-lead batteries.
Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are another type of flow battery that is getting more attention in renewable energy storage research. These batteries use vanadium ions to store energy instead of the combination of chemicals in flow-lead batteries. VRFBs are gaining more recognition because of the recyclability and longevity of the vanadium electrolyte.
Solid State Batteries
Solid-state batteries are also gaining a lot of ground when it comes to energy storage. While they are still in the prototype phase, this technology has the potential to replace Lithium-ion batteries. Solid-state batteries use solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes to store energy. Thus, they have a higher energy density and are safer.
Conclusion
Energy storage plays a significant role in the commercialization of wind power. The future of energy storage seems to be leaning towards hybrid energy storage systems, solid-state batteries, and Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. With these innovations in the energy storage industry and advancements in wind power technologies, we can start to see more widespread adoption of renewable energy. This will help preserve our planet by reducing harmful emissions and providing a sustainable future for generations to come.